Ukurikije amakuru yo muri Mata, umusaruro w'icyuma mu gihugu cyanjye uri kuzamuka, ibyo bikaba ari byiza kurusha amakuru yo mu gihembwe cya mbere. Nubwo umusaruro w'icyuma wagizweho ingaruka n'icyorezo, mu buryo busesuye, umusaruro w'icyuma mu Bushinwa wahoraga ufata umwanya wa mbere ku isi. Li Xinchuang, Umunyamabanga wa Komite y'Ishyaka akaba n'Injeniyeri Mukuru w'Ikigo gishinzwe Igenamigambi n'Ubushakashatsi mu by'Ingufu z'Ibyuma, akaba n'umuhanga mu by'ubumenyi bw'isi mu Ishuri Rikuru ry'Ubumenyi bw'Ibintu ry'Uburusiya aherutse kubwira umunyamakuru wa "China Times" ati: "Umusaruro w'icyuma mu Bushinwa buri mwaka warenze toni miliyari imwe, kandi wabaye intwari ku isi mu gukora icyuma mu myaka 26 yikurikiranya.
Zhang Xiaogang, wahoze ari perezida w’Umuryango Mpuzamahanga wita ku Buziranenge akaba n’uwahoze ari perezida w’Ishyirahamwe Mpuzamahanga ryita ku byuma by’icyuma, yabwiye umunyamakuru wa China Times ati: “Inganda z’ibyuma zo mu Bushinwa muri iki gihe zigeze ku ntangiriro nshya y’amateka. Ni igihe cy’ingenzi cyo guteza imbere ubuziranenge.”
China Steel imaze imyaka 26 yikurikiranya ari ikigo cy’ubuhanzi ku isi mu gukora ibyuma
Mu myaka ya vuba aha, inganda z'ibyuma n'ibyuma mu Bushinwa zageze ku ntera ishimishije.
Mu nama y’isabukuru y’imyaka 50 y’Ikigo gishinzwe Igenamigambi n’Ubushakashatsi ku Nganda z’Ibyuma yateranye vuba aha, Li Xinchuang yabwiye umunyamakuru wo muri China Times ko kuva kuri toni 158.000 z’umusaruro w’ibyuma mu 1949 kugeza kuri toni zirenga miliyoni 100 mu 1996, Ubushinwa bwagize ikibazo cy’ibura ry’ibyuma n’icyuma gito. Ikibazo cy’Ubushinwa cyazamutse kikagera ku rwego rwo hejuru ku isi mu bucuruzi bw’ibyuma. Ubu umusaruro w’ibyuma buri mwaka w’Ubushinwa urenga toni miliyari 1, kandi umaze imyaka 26 yikurikiranya ari wo wa mbere ku isi mu bucuruzi bw’ibyuma; China Steel yubatse inganda z’ibyuma zuzuye kandi nini kurusha izindi mu ruhererekane rw’inganda ku isi; iterambere rihoraho n’iterambere mu bikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga, udushya mu ikoranabuhanga, ireme ry’ubwoko butandukanye, ubwenge bw’ibidukikije, n’ibindi.
Zhang Xiaogang, wahoze ari perezida w’Umuryango Mpuzamahanga wita ku Igenamigambi akaba n’uwahoze ari perezida w’Ishyirahamwe Mpuzamahanga ryita ku byuma by’icyuma, yavuze muri iyo nama ko ibyuma byitwa “ibinyampeke by’inganda” kandi ko ari inkingi ikomeye y’ubukungu bw’igihugu. Hatabayeho inganda zikomeye z’icyuma, ntibishoboka kugira ishingiro rikomeye ry’ubukungu n’ubwirinzi bw’igihugu. Gutuma inganda z’icyuma ziba nini, nziza kandi zikomeye ni “inzozi z’icyuma” n’ “inzozi z’igihugu gikomeye” abantu b’ibyuma bagiye bakurikirana kuva ku gisekuru kugeza ku kindi. Mu myaka 50 ishize, Ubushinwa bwahinduye isura yabwo ya kera, kandi bukomeje kugabanya icyuho n’ibihugu byateye imbere ku isi. Ubukungu n’umuryango byagiye bihinduka bikomeye, kandi inganda z’icyuma zo mu Bushinwa nazo zageze ku bintu bizwi ku isi. Ibi ntibitandukanywa n’inganda z’icyuma n’ibyuma zo mu Bushinwa, abaturage b’icyuma n’ibyuma bo mu Bushinwa ndetse n’igenamigambi rya siyansi n’ubuyobozi bw’inganda.
“Kugira ngo dusobanukirwe neza uko inganda z’ibyuma mu Bushinwa zihagaze,” Li Xinchuang yavuze ko inganda z’ibyuma ari zimwe mu nganda zihangana cyane ku isi mu Bushinwa, kandi Ubushinwa bufite isoko rinini kandi rikora cyane ry’ibikenewe mu gihugu. Muri 2021, ibikenewe mu byuma byo mu gihugu bizaba bingana na toni miliyoni 100, kandi isoko ry’imbere mu gihugu ry’ibyuma byo mu gihugu rizagera kuri 98.5%. Ubushinwa bufite ikoranabuhanga rigezweho kandi rigezweho, rifite amatanura agezweho ya metero 3000 kuzamura no hejuru; imashini zihindura ibyuma za toni 300 kuzamura no hejuru, ikoranabuhanga rikomeye ku isi ryo kuzimya ubushyuhe bwa metero 100, Ansteel Bayuquan ifite ubugari bwa mm 5500 n’ubunini bw’icyuma gisya plate, ikoranabuhanga ryo gusuka no gukurura ibyuma hafi yo kurangiza.
Birumvikana ko ku bijyanye n'ibicuruzwa by'igiciro cyo hejuru, muri gahunda ya "Gahunda ya 13 y'imyaka itanu", ubwiza bw'ibicuruzwa birenga 50 bwageze ku rwego mpuzamahanga rw'ubwiza bw'umubiri. Ibyuma bya silikoni byo mu Bushinwa bya Baowu byageze ku ntera ishimishije muri rusange; Taigang Stainless ifite ikoranabuhanga ry'ibanze rirenga 800, riyobora iterambere ry'ibicuruzwa by'icyuma kitagira umugese ku isi; imiyoboro ikomeye ya Anshan Iron na Steel, plaque nini cyane za Hegang, icyuma gifata Xingcheng Special Steel, imiyoboro ya karubone ya Ruixiang Steel n'ibindi bicuruzwa byageze ku rwego mpuzamahanga rw'imbere. Ku bijyanye no gusimbuza ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga, kuva mu 2010, ingano y'ibicuruzwa by'icyuma kitagira umugese byoherezwa mu mahanga bifite igiciro cy'amadolari y'Amerika arenga 2,000 yarenze ingano y'ibitumizwa mu mahanga.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-10-2022